On “Putting Physics First” (published in “Interactions”; March/April 2007, p. 6 -7;

                        http://aapt.org/Publications/InterActions.cfm)

 

I have been teaching physics for 20 years and I vote with both my hands for a comprehensive physics education for everybody. However, I had a mixed feeling when reading “Putting Physics First” by Denise Jarrett Weeks (Interactions, December 2006, p. 14 – 18).

In the debate on whether it is possible to teach physics at a middle school, or if every student is capable of learning physics, or in what order should school subjects be taught, American scholars seldom use the experience of their foreign colleagues. The conceptual physics course for ninth-graders created by Larry Neznanski, was “a radical change to the curriculum” at his school [according to Weeks], but similar curricula have been used in Russia for at least four decades. The question “are middle school students (including girls) capable of learning physics?” has the simple answer: yes. I and millions of former and current Russian students are living proof to that fact, because in Russia all school students start learning physics at the sixth or seventh grade. These three subjects go hand-in-hand in Russian schools. Separating the subjects, no matter which subject comes first, does not make much sense (from a Russian point of view). I am not saying that the Russian way of teaching is the only right one, I am saying that for a long time a working teaching model [has existed], which completely is a contradiction to the very idea of ordering the school subjects.

The common reason for putting physics first is that chemistry and biology are based on it. As the rationale, we can read often that “Chemistry is essentially the study of chemical bonding. Biology is the most complex of the sciences”. However, saying this is misleading. Chemistry had formed as a science a century before the very idea of boning was developed, and biology is obviously simpler than any of social sciences (and I do not believe that, when developing his theory, Charles Darwin was heavily using any physics knowledge he had at the time). Even the chemistry teacher (Guy Hudson) is saying that the kids who have taken physics class first are better at studying chemistry not because of their physics knowledge, but “because they’re used to a little more critical thinking”. Here I cannot agree more on the importance of learning physics (not Physics First); physics is one of the best subjects to develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills. But to be honest, teachers of all subjects are supposed to contribute to this; physics is just one of the oldest and most developed sciences, so it is easier for physics teachers to work on developing metacognitive abilities.

When reading the article, I see that all the described positive results are based not on the fact that physics is taught first at the school, but on the fact that the school has a very good physics teacher, who knows physics, loves teaching and dedicates himself to his students.

 

Dr. Valentin Voroshilov

Physics Department

Boston University


I have been teaching physics for 20 years and I vote with both my hands for a comprehensive physics education to everybody. However, I had a mixed feeling when reading putting physics first.

I used to think, that, when proving the point of view, scientists have to use all the reachable facts, including the information developed by the international community. In debate on is it possible to teach physics at a middle school, or is every student capable of learning physics, or in what order should school subjects be taught, American authors seldom use the experience of their foreign colleagues. Some newly developed physics curricula are treated often as a radical change, but similar curricula have been used in Russia for at least 4 decades. The questions like “are middle school students capable of learning physics?”, or “are girls capable of learning physics?”, etc, have the simple answer “yes”. I (and millions of former and current Russian students) am the live proof to that fact, because in Russia all school students start learning physics at the 6th or 7th grade (depending on the curriculum). If millions of people were doing it for decades, it seems to me like it is a significant statistical data. However, an even more important fact is that all those millions of people were (and are) studding physics and chemistry, and biology at the same time. From a grade to a grade, these three subjects go along in Russian schools hand by hand. Separating the subjects and making any order in their study, no matter which subject would go first, just does not make much sense (from Russian point of view, of course). I am not saying that Russian way of teaching is the only right one, I am saying that for a long period of time a working teaching model does exist, which completely in a contradiction to the very idea of ordering the school subjects.

The common reason for putting physics first is that chemistry and biology are based on it. As the rationale, we can read often that “Chemistry is essentially the study of chemical bonding,…”, “It is impossible to learn chemistry without having physics knowledge”, “Biology is the most complex of the sciences; …”. However, saying this is at least misleading. Chemistry had formed as a science a century before the very idea of boning was developed, and for a very long time chemistry and physics had been developing in parallel. Biology is obviously simpler than any of social sciences (and I do not believe that, when developing his theory, Charles Darwin was heavily using any physics knowledge he had at the time). Even chemistry teachers are saying that the kids who have taken physics class first are better at studying chemistry not because of their physics knowledge, but “because they’re used to a little more critical thinking”. Here I cannot agree more on the importance of learning physics (not physics first); physics is one of the best subjects to develop critical thinking and problem solving skills. But, to be honest, teachers of all subjects are supposed to contribute to this; physics is just one of the oldest and most developed sciences, so it is easier to physics teachers to work on developing metacognitive abilities.

The positive results in teaching physics are based not on the fact that physics is taught first at the school, but on the fact that the school has a very good physics teacher, who knows physics, loves teaching and dedicates himself to his students.

Dr. Valentin Voroshilov

Physics Department

Boston University


Physics First or Physics in Parallel?

The “Physics First” is a broad motion in science education in America. Many different reasons are used to support this approach to teach science, including “Chemistry is essentially the study of chemical bonding.”, or “Biology is the most complex of the sciences.”, and similar. However, the best proof (or disproof) for any scientific approach is a significant statistical data, including the information developed by the international community. In Russia, for decades, millions of school students start learning physics in 7th grade, biology in 6th grade and chemistry in 8th grade and then study the subjects basically in parallel. Of course, it does not mean that the Russian way of teaching is the only right one. This is just a fact that for a long period of time a working teaching model does exist, which contradicts the idea of making school subjects in a specific order.

The common reason for putting physics first is that chemistry and biology are based on it. However, saying that “Chemistry is essentially the study of chemical bonding” is at least misleading. Chemistry had formed as a science a century before the very idea of boning was developed, and for a very long time chemistry and physics had been developing in parallel. Biology is obviously simpler than any of social sciences (and I do not believe that, when developing his theory, Charles Darwin was heavily using any physics knowledge he had at the time). Even chemistry teachers are often saying that the kids who have taken physics class first are better at studying chemistry not because of their physics knowledge, but “because they’re used to a little more critical thinking”. Here I cannot agree more on the importance of learning physics (not physics first); physics is one of the best subjects to develop critical thinking and problem solving skills. But, to be honest, teachers of all subjects are supposed to contribute to developing metacognitive abilities; physics is just one of the oldest and most developed sciences, so it is easier for physics teachers to work on it.

The positive results in teaching physics are based not on the fact that physics is taught first at the school, but on the fact that the school has a good physics teacher, who knows physics, loves teaching and dedicates himself/herself to the students.

 

Dr. Valentin Voroshilov

Physics Department

Boston University